Fibonacci numbers (C Plus Plus templates)
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The Fibonacci numbers are the integer sequence 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, ..., in which each item is formed by adding the previous two. The sequence can be defined recursively by
- 1 \\ \end{cases} ."/>
Fibonacci number programs that implement this definition directly are often used as introductory examples of recursion. However, many other algorithms for calculating (or making use of) Fibonacci numbers also exist.
Implementation
The Fibonacci numbers implemented with a template in C++:
<<fib.cpp>>= includes fib main
<<includes>>= #include<iostream>
Template
<<fib>>= template<unsigned int n> struct fib { static const unsigned int result=fib<n-1>::result+fib<n-2>::result; }; template<> struct fib<1> { static const unsigned int result=1; }; template<> struct fib<0> { static const unsigned int result=0; };
Test driver
The Fibonacci numbers will be calculated at compile-time, when the fib template class is instantiated.
<<main>>= int main() { std::cout<<"fib<1>="<<fib<1>::result<<'\n'; std::cout<<"fib<2>="<<fib<2>::result<<'\n'; std::cout<<"fib<3>="<<fib<3>::result<<'\n'; std::cout<<"fib<4>="<<fib<4>::result<<'\n'; std::cout<<"fib<5>="<<fib<5>::result<<'\n'; std::cout<<"fib<40>="<<fib<40>::result<<'\n'; std::cout<<"fib<41>="<<fib<41>::result<<'\n'; std::cout<<"fib<42>="<<fib<42>::result<<'\n'; std::cout<<"fib<43>="<<fib<43>::result<<'\n'; return 0; }
See Fibonacci numbers (C) for runtime calculation of Fibonacci numbers.
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